What Does Net Zero Mean?
Net zero is the state where human-caused greenhouse gas emissions are balanced by an equivalent amount of removals. The IPCC states the world must reach net zero CO₂ emissions by 2050 to limit warming to 1.5°C.
Net Zero vs Carbon Neutral
While often used interchangeably, they differ: Carbon neutral can include purchasing offsets. Net zero requires deep emissions reductions first (typically 90%+), with removals only for the residual emissions that cannot be eliminated.
Global Progress
As of 2024, over 140 countries have announced net zero targets. However, fewer than 30% have these enshrined in law with credible implementation plans (Climate Action Tracker, 2024).